The First 5 Minutes: Why Bystander CPR Matters

When someones collapses from sudden cardiac arrest, the first five minutes can make the difference between life and death. For every minute that CPR is delayed, an individual's survival rate drops 7-10%, and it often takes emergency first responders to get there in 7-10 minutes. That means a persons survival rate can drop dramatically, but you can change that. 

Many individuals stray from performing CPR due to concerns of breaking their ribs, or making things worse. But, not doing CPR does the worst. When the heart has stopped, the person is clinically dead, and the only thing that can help in that moment is immediate CPR. Chest compressions keep the blood flowing to the brain and vital organs, allowing you to buy precious time for them until help arrives. Even though ribs can sometimes be fractured, they will heal, but brain damage or loss of life cannot be reversed. 

What to Do in the Moment

Bystander CPR does not need to be perfect or even close to it, it just needs to happen. You don’t even need advanced training, all you need to do it call 911, put the phone on

speaker and the operator will guide you until help arrives. The important thing is to step up. Starting chest compressions quickly and continuingly can save someone’s life, so be that person, don't ignore them, and step up. 

Another key part of those first five minutes is recognizing what is happening and stepping up to act. Cardiac arrest can vary, a person can suddenly collapse, be unresponsive, or even have abnormal breathing. It is important not to second guess yourself, even if you are not sure if they are in cardiac arrest, you can be sure something is wrong, So, dial 911 and you can confirm. But, even if you are not sure, abnormal or gasping breathing (agonal breathing) can be a sign of cardiac arrest. Acting quickly is the most important thing.

Many public places also have a automated external defibrillator, also referred to as an AED, which are designed for anyone to use, as they provide clear instructions. If someone is nearby, you can ask them to grab one while you start CPR. Once the AED arrives you turn it on and it will begin reading out instructions. Although these situations are scary you have the necessary tools all around you, so don't be scared, and be the person to give them a chance to survive. 

You Can Make a Difference

The hard truth is that cardiac arrest happens more outside of hospitals than in, meaning the first action taken to help that person, is someone nearby. That person is often a friend, family member, coworker, or even a stranger who happens to be in the right place at the right time. In those critical minutes, waiting for a professional to arrive is not enough, you want to take action immediately, Starting CPR right away will keep the oxygen flowing to the brain and increase chances of survival. So, even thought it may be scary, it is vital to step up and take action. Because even basic knowledge and the willingness to act can save someones life, turning an ordinary person into someones best chance at survival.